Landmines Causing More Casualties in Ukraine and Myanmar

2023-11-18

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1
  • An international report shows increased use of landmines in Ukraine and Myanmar led to sharp rises in casualties in those countries last year.
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  • International Campaign to Ban Landmines created the report, called Landmine Monitor 2023.
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  • The Switzerland-based group provides research and monitoring services on world land mine use.
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  • The group is a coalition of non-governmental organizations supported by the group Human Rights Watch.
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  • The devices studied in the report are known as anti-personnel mines.
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  • This means the mines are built to target humans, not tanks or other military equipment.
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  • The report states that Russia "used antipersonnel mines extensively in Ukraine since its all-out invasion of the country in February 2022."
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  • The document notes Russia is not part of an international treaty that bans the use of antipersonnel landmines.
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  • The anti-personnel mine ban agreement was completed in 1997.
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  • The United States is not a party to it.
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  • The report also found evidence that Ukraine, which is part of the mine ban treaty, had used anti-personnel mines in and around the cities of Izium and Kharkiv.
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  • It said the mines were found as Russian forces battled Ukrainian troops in the areas.
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  • The Campaign to Ban Landmines recorded 4,710 injuries and deaths in 2022 around the world.
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  • This was down from 5,544 casualties in the year before.
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  • But in Ukraine, the number of civilian casualties from landmines went from 60 in 2021 to about 600 in 2022.
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  • Mark Hiznay is with Human Rights Watch and helped write the new report.
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  • He expressed concern about Russia's use of landmines in its military operations in Ukraine.
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  • Hiznay said it was the first time since the mine ban treaty was approved that a country that is not part of the treaty, Russia, had used such weapons against a treaty member, Ukraine.
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  • Hiznay said Russia began using landmines in 2014 in support of pro-Russian separatist forces in the disputed Donbas area of eastern Ukraine.
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  • "Russia has made extensive use of landmines in places like Afghanistan and Chechnya," he said.
  • 21
  • Hiznay said he believed Russia had supplied 35 or 38 different countries with landmines over the years.
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  • Ukraine has said it would look into accusations from a Human Rights Watch report.
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  • The report provided details of "numerous cases" of Ukrainian forces deploying banned anti-personnel mines in its war with Russia.
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  • The report said 85 percent of casualties from landmines and "exploded remnants of war" last year were civilians.
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  • About half of the casualties were children. The highest number of casualties, 834, was recorded in Syria in 2022.
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  • This was followed by Ukraine with 608 casualties, and Yemen and Myanmar, which each recorded more than 500 casualties in 2022.
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  • In Myanmar, Hiznay said the government has been using anti-personnel landmines since 1999.
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  • But that changed in recent years.
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  • "It is just bigger," Hiznay said.
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  • "You have more use by the government forces and more use by various non-state armed groups."
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  • Currently, 164 countries have signed onto the mine ban treaty, which bars the use, storage, production, and transport of anti-personnel mines.
  • 32
  • The report said 30 states who are part of the treaty have cleared all mined areas from their territory since the treaty came into force.
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  • I'm Bryan Lynn.